Question 1

What is digital accessibility?

Accepted Answer

Digital accessibility means designing websites, mobile applications, documents, and digital content so that everyone, including disabled people, can perceive, operate, and understand them.

Question 2

Who benefits from digital accessibility?

Accepted Answer

It improves the experience for people with visual, hearing, mobility, speech, or cognitive disabilities, as well as older people, people with temporary impairments, and users in different device or connection conditions.

Question 3

Which digital products should be accessible?

Accepted Answer

Websites, mobile applications, online forms, e-commerce journeys, PDF documents, videos, social media content, and internal digital tools should all be considered within an accessibility program.

Question 4

What is WCAG?

Accepted Answer

The Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) define internationally recognized technical success criteria for making digital content perceivable, operable, understandable, and robust.

Question 5

Can automated accessibility testing find every issue?

Accepted Answer

No. Automated testing can quickly identify many technical issues, but expert review and testing with disabled users are needed for problems involving context, usability, and real assistive technology experiences.

Question 6

How should an organization start improving digital accessibility?

Accepted Answer

Start by identifying important user journeys and content, then assess the current experience with automated and manual testing. Prioritize findings by user impact and integrate remediation into the development process.

Question 7

Is accessibility a one-time project?

Accepted Answer

No. New features, content, and design changes can introduce new barriers. Accessibility should be a continuous part of design, development, content creation, testing, and release processes.

Question 8

What is Türkiye's Website and Mobile Application Accessibility Circular?

Accepted Answer

The Presidential Circular dated 21 June 2025 aims to make the websites and mobile applications of covered organizations accessible to disabled and older people. Assessments use the Level A Checklist prepared by the Ministry of Family and Social Services and based on WCAG 2.2.

Question 9

Which organizations are covered by Türkiye's Accessibility Circular?

Accepted Answer

The scope includes public bodies, universities, municipalities, state-owned enterprises, and professional organizations, as well as banks, private hospitals, private educational institutions, certain transport and tourism organizations, communication and internet service providers, and e-commerce service providers.

Question 10

Which digital assets are assessed under the Circular?

Accepted Answer

Public-facing websites and mobile applications are assessed. The review covers page structure, keyboard operation, screen reader compatibility, form fields, image alternatives, color and contrast, multimedia content, and whether users can independently complete essential tasks.

Question 11

Are open-source or programmatic testing tools alone enough to demonstrate compliance with the Circular?

Accepted Answer

No. Programmatic tools quickly identify issues that can be checked automatically in code, but human evaluation is needed to determine whether screen reader announcements are understandable, focus order is logical, and real tasks can be completed. Automated testing should support expert and user testing rather than replace it.

Question 12

How does Binclusive support testing for the Circular?

Accepted Answer

Binclusive does not rely only on DOM or rule-based programmatic checks. It runs test scenarios with real screen readers and repeats the task flows experienced by disabled users. This can produce more comprehensive, user-centered results by revealing context, announcement, focus, and task-completion barriers that open-source automated tools cannot assess on their own.

Question 13

What process should organizations follow when preparing for the Circular?

Accepted Answer

First inventory the websites, mobile applications, and critical user journeys in scope. Then combine automated checks, real screen reader testing, expert review, and testing with disabled users. Prioritize findings by user impact, remediate them, and verify the changes through retesting.

Question 14

What is the European Accessibility Act and when did it start applying?

Accepted Answer

The European Accessibility Act is an EU directive that establishes common accessibility requirements for certain products and services. Requirements transposed into national law began applying to covered new products and services from 28 June 2025.

Question 15

Which products and services are covered by the EAA?

Accepted Answer

The scope includes computers and operating systems, smartphones, ATMs and ticketing terminals, electronic communication services, access to audiovisual media services, certain passenger transport services, consumer banking, e-books, and e-commerce.

Question 16

Can a company based in Türkiye be affected by the EAA?

Accepted Answer

A company offering covered products or services in the European Union may be affected by the relevant accessibility obligations even when it is established outside the EU. The exact scope depends on the product or service, the organization's role and size, and the national legislation of the country where it operates.

Question 17

Is automated accessibility testing alone sufficient for an EAA assessment?

Accepted Answer

No. Automated tools assess code rules that can be verified by machines, but human evaluation is required for assistive technology interaction, meaningful announcements, logical focus movement, and whether a person can complete a task independently.

Question 18

How does Binclusive test products when preparing for the EAA?

Accepted Answer

Binclusive complements programmatic checks with end-to-end scenarios running on real screen readers and tests that repeat disabled users' experiences. This approach can provide a more comprehensive accessibility assessment by identifying usability and task-completion barriers that may remain invisible to open-source automated tools alone.

Question 19

Is EAA compliance completed with a one-time audit?

Accepted Answer

No. Accessibility should be verified again as products, content, and user journeys change. Design and development checks, pre-release testing, feedback from disabled users, accessibility documentation, and regular retesting are parts of a sustainable compliance program.

Question 20

What is alternative text (alt text)?

Accepted Answer

These are text-based descriptions that explain what visuals in digital environments represent or what function they serve. These descriptions allow the content to be meaningfully converted into sound for users who cannot see the visual directly.

Question 21

Why is alternative text important?

Accepted Answer

It is one of the most fundamental cornerstones of digital inclusivity. In addition to ensuring equal access to information on the web for individuals with vision loss, it enables search engines to process visual data correctly (SEO).

Question 22

How long should alternative text be?

Accepted Answer

An ideal description should be direct and concise. The generally accepted limit is around 125 characters. For complex visuals, short summaries should be provided, and detailed data transfer should be left to the main text within the page.

Question 23

What exactly is the audio description?

Accepted Answer

It is a verbal narration support that includes the plot and environmental details, presented through an auditory transmission to make visual content understandable for blind people.

Question 24

Why is audio description necessary?

Accepted Answer

It ensures equality of opportunity in accessing cultural and artistic content, social media content, and educational materials. It allows for the full capacity experience of content by moving information that appeals to the sense of sight into the auditory channel.

Question 25

What is keyboard accessibility?

Accepted Answer

It is the ability to perform all actions in digital environments using only a keyboard (Tab, Enter, Arrow keys, Esc, etc.) instead of a mouse.

Question 26

Why should I ensure keyboard compatibility?

Accepted Answer

It is essential to make your site accessible to visually impaired screen reader users and individuals with motor disabilities, to comply with legal regulations, and to expand your user base.

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